Intumescent paints are a fundamental innovation in fire protection. Their ability to expand under high temperatures creates an insulating barrier that delays structural collapse. This article explains in detail how they work, their benefits, applications, and current regulations.
What Are Intumescent Paints?
Intumescent paints are special coatings designed to expand when exposed to extreme temperatures, generating a char layer that insulates and protects structures from fire.
Composition
- Resins
- Fire-retardant additives
- Thermal catalysts
Characteristics
- Expansion between 50 and 100 times their original thickness
- Fire resistance for up to 120 minutes
- Application on various materials
How Do Intumescent Paints Work?
When intumescent paint is exposed to temperatures above 200°C, a chemical reaction begins, releasing inert gas and forming an insulating char foam.
Reaction Stages
- Solvent evaporation
- Release of inert gases
- Formation of insulating foam
What Are the Benefits of Intumescent Paints?
- Safety: Delays structural collapse
- Durability: Weather-resistant
- Easy Application: Can be applied with a brush, roller, or spray gun
Where Are Intumescent Paints Used?
Applications include:
- Commercial buildings
- Industrial infrastructure
- Wood and plastics
How Are Intumescent Paints Applied?
Preparation
- Surface cleaning
- Primer application
Application Methods
- Air spray gun
- Brush or roller
What Are the Current Regulations for Intumescent Paints?
The main regulations include:
- NFPA 703 (USA)
- UNE-EN 13381 (Europe)
- ISO 834 (International)
Conclusion
Intumescent paints are a key solution in fire protection, offering safety, efficiency, and durability. Proper application and maintenance ensure reliable protection for various structures.
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